Category Archives: Map

Map of Central Part of Jasper Park, Alberta

Map of Central Part of Jasper Park, Alberta
Department of the Interior Canada
Based on photographic surveys by M. P. Bridgland, D.L S., in 1915

Map of Central Part of Jasper Park, Alberta
Department of the Interior Canada
Based on photographic surveys by M. P. Bridgland, D.L S., in 1915
Whyte Museum

Map of the Central Part of Jasper Park Alberta
Department of the Interior Canada
From Photographic Surveys by M. P. Bridgland, D.L S. 1915


There is also a set of more detailed maps based on the 1915 survey led by Morrison Parsons Bridgland [1878–1948]:

Maps of Central Part of Jasper Park, Alberta.
Department of the Interior Canada, 1916
Sheet One, Northwest
Sheet Two, Northeast
Sheet Three, West Central
Sheet Four, East Central
Sheet Five, Southwest
Sheet Six, Southeast

References:

  • MacLaren, Ian S. Mapper of Mountains. M. P. Bridgland in the Canadian Rockies, 1902-1930. University of Alberta Press, 2005. Google Books

David Thompson’s map of the North-West Territory of the Province of Canada 1814

Map of the North-West Territory of the Province of Canada.David Thompson, 1814

Map of the North-West Territory of the Province of Canada.David Thompson, 1814 Archives of Ontario

Map of the North-West Territory of the Province of Canada (1814)
Archives of Ontario, I0030317, David Thompson fonds
Reference Code: F 443, R-C(U), AO 1541

Surveying for the North West Company, David Thompson [1770–1857] located the headwaters of the Mississippi River, crossed the Rocky Mountains and mapped the entire length of the Columbia River.
Thompson retired from the fur trade in 1812 and moved his family to Terrebonne near Montreal. He was given a special assignment to plot all the Company’s posts on a comprehensive map of the Canadian West using the astronomical observations he had carefully recorded.

Thompson’s map is approximately 213 centimetres (84″) high by 328 centimetres (129″) long. It gave an accurate depiction of the vast territory traversed by the fur trade and location of Company posts. [1]

References:

  • 1. Nesbit, Jack [1949–]. Mapmaker’s Eye: The Mapmaker’s Eye: David Thompson on the Columbia Plateau. Pullman: Washington State University Press, 2006

James Teit’s map Shuswap Territory 1909

Map showing the Shuswap Territory. Figure 199, p. 450, Teit

Map showing the Shuswap Territory. Figure 199, p. 450, Teit

Fig. 199. Map showing the Shuswap Territory.

A – Fraser River Division
B – Cañon Division, territory now largely occupied by the Chilcotin
C – Lake Division
D – North Thompson Division

D’ – Kinbasket
D” – Former territory of the Iroquois Band
D”’ – Shuswap, Cree, and Iroquois mixed
E – Bonaparte Division

F – Kamloops Division.
G – Shuswap Lake Division.
G’ – Arrow Lake Band.
• – Villages.
+ – Former villages

Dotted area, territory recently occupied by the Chilcotin.
Area at head of Fraser River, enclosed by broken double lines, temporarily occupied by the Sekanai.

———

James Alexander Teit (1864 —1922) was an anthropologist, photographer and guide who worked with Franz Boas to study Interior Salish First Nations peoples in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Accompanying Boaz, he was a member of the Jesup North Pacific Expedition, a major anthropological expedition to Siberia, Alaska, and the northwest coast of Canada. The purpose of the expedition was to investigate the relationships among the peoples at each side of the Bering Strait.

References:

  • Teit, James Alexander [1864–1922]. The Jesup North Pacific Expedition. Memoir of the American Museum of Natural History. Volume 2, Part 7. The Shuswap. New York: Stechert, 1909. American Museum of Natural History

Frederick Talbot’s map showing line of GTP 1910

Map of New British Columbia
Showing Line of Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and Author's Route From Wolf Creek to Prince Rupert

Map of New British Columbia
Showing Line of Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and Author’s Route From Wolf Creek to Prince Rupert
F. A. Talbot, New Garden of Canada, 1911 [accessed 15 February 2025]

Map of New British Columbia
Showing Line of Grand Trunk Pacific Railway
and Author’s Route From Wolf Creek to Prince Rupert

British travel author Frederick Arthur Ambrose Talbot [1880–1924] traversed the Yellowhead Pass in 1910, one year ahead of the construction of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. Talbot was hired by the railway to cross Canada and report the potential of the areas being opened up. Two books, published in London, resulted from the trip: New garden of Canada: By Pack-horse and Canoe through Undeveloped New British Columbia, (1911), and The Making of a Great Canadian Railway (1912). In 1924, while living in Pointe-Claire, Québec, Talbot was sent to Calgary to make arrangements for the arrival of the Prince of Wales, Edward VIII, to ceremoniously travel the complete rail line. But at 44 years old, Talbot contracted pneumonia in Calgary and died.

Frederick Talbot was not the namesake of Mount Talbot or Talbot Lake.

References:

  • Talbot, Frederick Arthur Ambrose [1880–1924]. The new garden of Canada. By pack-horse and canoe through undeveloped new British Columbia. London: Cassell, 1911. Internet Archive [accessed 15 February 2025]
  • Talbot, Frederick Arthur Ambrose [1880–1924]. The making of a great Canadian railway. The story of the search for and discovery of the route, and the construction of the nearly completed Grand Trunk Pacific Railway from the Atlantic to the Pacific with some account of the hardships and stirring adventures of its constructors in unexplored country. London: Seely, 1912. Internet Archive [accessed 15 February 2025]
  • Schukov, Victor. “Meet Frederick Talbot, one of Pointe-Claire’s long forgotten celebrities.” Montreal Gazette, November 17 (2014). Montreal Gazette [accessed 15 February 2025]

Bowman 1895 Map

Map of the Cariboo Mining District to illustrate the report of Amos Bowman

Map of the Cariboo Mining District to illustrate the report of Amos Bowman
Cariboo Gold Rush

Amos Bowman [1839–1894] surveyed the Cariboo mining region and prepared reports on many sections of British Columbia.

In 1885 and 1886 Mr. Amos Bowman was engaged in geologically examining the Cariboo mining district of British Columbia, the expense of the undertaking being borne jointly by the Geological Survey of Canada and the Government of British Columbia. Mr. Bowman was assisted by Mr. James McEvoy, and for a part of the time by Messrs. S. P. Tuck and L. R. Voligny. The year 1885 was necessarily given chiefly to geographical and topographical work, but in the following year Mr. Bowman devoted most of his own time to the geological and mining features. His general report was published by the Geological Survey in the volume for 1887-88, together with a geological map of the district on a scale of two miles to an inch, and maps on a large scale of Hixon Creek and Island Mountain and Mosquito Creek.

It was intended to follow the report above mentioned by a second, in which detailed descriptions should be given of the principal auriferous creeks of the district. Maps of these creeks were prepared by Mr. Bowman and lithographed, but as he had in the meantime been obliged to sever his regular connection with the Survey in favour of urgent private business, the final correction and printing of these maps was only completed after long delays, and in June, 1894, Mr. Bowman died, without having written any descriptive matter to accompany these mining maps.

— George M. Dawson, Geological Survey of Canada, April, 1895

Amos B. Bowman was born at Blair, Ontario, but soon after, his parents moved to Ohio. Later he had a very distinguished career as a renowned scientist in Canada and the United States. Following university studies in Germany, he graduated as a civil and mining engineer, and traveled in Europe writing articles for the New York Tribune.

An outstanding authority on geology, he had charge of a five-year California geological survey. He then joined an official Canadian geological survey, surveying the Cariboo mining region, and prepared reports on many sections of British Columbia.

Mr. Bowman promoted the interests of Fidalgo Island in British Columbia, whose possibilities impressed him. In recognition of his services, the town of Anacortes was named after his wife, Anna Curtis Bowman. He published a newspaper, and gave liberally in land to induce the building of a railroad up the Skagit Valley.

It was said of this outstanding scientist that “he often impoverished himself to enrich others.”

This map includes:
Cariboo Mountains
References:

  • Bowman, Amos B. [1839–1894]. Map of the Cariboo Mining District, British Columbia, to illustrate the report of Amos Bowman. 1895. Cariboo Gold Rush
  • Bowman, Amos B. [1839–1894]. Maps of the principal auriferous creeks in the Cariboo mining district, British Columbia. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada, 1895. Hathi Trust
  • Dawson, George Mercer, D.S. [1849–1901]. Report on the area of the Kamloops map-sheet British Columbia. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada, 1895. Canadiana

James McEvoy’s 1900 map showing Yellowhead Pass route from Edmonton to Tête-Jaune Cache

Map Showing Yellowhead Pass Route From Edmonton To Tête-Jaune Cache. James McEvoy, 1900.

Map Showing Yellowhead Pass Route From Edmonton To Tête-Jaune Cache. James McEvoy, 1900.
Natural Resources Canada


Map Showing Yellowhead Pass Route From Edmonton To Tête-Jaune Cache. 
James McEvoy, 1900. (Detail of Yellowhead Pass to Tête Jaune Cache)

Map Showing Yellowhead Pass Route From Edmonton To Tête-Jaune Cache.
James McEvoy, 1900. (Detail of Yellowhead Pass to Tête Jaune Cache)
Natural Resources Canada

James McEvoy [1862–1935] — Map showing the Yellowhead Pass route from Edmonton to Tête-Jaune Cache, 1900.

In 1898 McEvoy surveyed the Athabasca River valley for about 240 kilometres east of the Yellowhead Pass, and down the Fraser River on the west side of the pass for another 120 kilometres.

The splendid report of James McEvoy, published by the Geological Survey of Canada in 1900, dealing with the geology and natural history resources of the country traversed by the Yellowhead Pass route from Edmonton to Tête-Jaune Cache, contains the most comprehensive and reliable geographical information that has yet been published, and also contains the only geographical map published of that route on a sufficiently large scale to be of value.

Arthur Oliver Wheeler [1860–1945], 1912
References:

  • McEvoy, James [1862–1935]. Report on the geology and natural resources of the country traversed by the Yellowhead Pass route from Edmonton to Tête Jaune Cache comprising portions of Alberta and British Columbia. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada, 1900. Natural Resources Canada
  • McEvoy, James [1862–1935]. “Map Showing Yellowhead Pass Route From Edmonton To Tête-Jaune Cache.” (1900). Natural Resources Canada
  • Wheeler, Arthur Oliver [1860–1945]. “The Alpine Club of Canada’s expedition to Jasper Park, Yellowhead Pass and Mount Robson region, 1911.” Canadian Alpine Journal, Vol. 4 (1912):9-80

Coleman’s map Mount Robson 1911

Map of Mount Robson based on expeditions in 1907 and 1908. By A. P. Coleman.

Map of Mount Robson based on expeditions in 1907 and 1908. By A. P. Coleman.
Canadian Alpine Journal, 1910


Mt. Robson Region map by A. P. Coleman, 1911

Mt. Robson Region map by A. P. Coleman, 1911
The Canadian Rockies : new and old trails, p. 264

Canadian geologist Arthur Philemon Coleman [1852–1939] made extensive early explorations of the Canadian Rockies, including the first attempts to climb Mount Robson in 1907 and 1908.

References:

  • Coleman, Arthur Philemon [1852–1939]. “Expedition to Mt. Robson.” Canadian Alpine Journal, Vol. 1, No. 2 (1908):100-103
  • Coleman, Arthur Philemon [1852–1939]. “Geology and glacial features of Mt. Robson.” Canadian Alpine Journal, Vol. 2, No. 2 (1910):73-78
  • Coleman, Arthur Philemon [1852–1939]. “Mount Robson, the Highest Point in the Canadian Rockies.” The Geographical Journal (London), Vol. 36, No. 1 (July 1910). JSTOR
  • Coleman, Arthur Philemon [1852–1939]. The Canadian Rockies: New and Old Trails. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1911. Internet Archive
Also see:

Cook’s 1784 map

Map of the world in Cook’s “Third Voyage,” 1784. By Henry Roberts, Lieutenant in His Majesty’s Navy

Map of the world in Cook’s “Third Voyage,” 1784. By Henry Roberts, Lieutenant in His Majesty’s Navy Princeton University Library


Detail of map of the world in Cook’s “Third Voyage,” 1784. By Henry Roberts, Lieutenant in His Majesty’s Navy

Detail of map of the world in Cook’s “Third Voyage,” 1784. By Henry Roberts, Lieutenant in His Majesty’s Navy UBC Library Digital Collections

According to the Champlain Society edition of Samuel Hearne’s journeys, this map was the first to show the route of Captain James Cook [1728–1779].
This map includes:
Lake Athabasca [as Arathapescow Lake]
References:

  • Roberts, Henry. London: A General Chart exhibiting the Discoveries made by Capn. James Cook in this and his two preceeding Voyages; with the Tracks of the Ships under his Command (1784). Princeton Library
  • Hearne, Samuel [1745–1792]. A journey from Prince of Wales’s Fort in Hudson’s Bay to the Northern Ocean, in the years 1769, 1770, 1771, and 1772. Tyrrell, Joseph Burr, 1858-1957. Totonto: Champlain Society, 1911. Internet Archive
  • Cook, James [1728–1779]. A Voyage to the Pacific Ocean. Undertaken, by the Command of His Majesty, for Making Discoveries in the Northern Hemisphere, to Determine the Position and Extent of the West Side of North America; Its Distance from Asia; and the Practicability of a Northern Passage to Europe. Performed under the Direction of Captains Cook, Clerke, and Gore, in His Majesty’s Ships the Resolution and Discovery, in the Years 1776, 1777, 1778, 1779, and 1780. Vol III. London: G. Nicol, & T. Cadell, 1796. University of British Columbia Library

Mackenzie’s map North America 1803

Map of Mackenzie’s 1789 and 1873 expeditions

Map of Mackenzie’s 1789 and 1873 expeditions Internet Archive


Map of Mackenzie’s 1789 and 1793 expeditions (detail)

Map of Mackenzie’s 1789 and 1793 expeditions (detail) Internet Archive


A map of Mackenzie’s track from Fort Chipewan to the Pacific Ocean in 1793

A map of Mackenzie’s track from Fort Chipewan to the Pacific Ocean in 1793 Internet Archive


A map of Mackenzie’s track from Fort Chipewan to the Pacific Ocean in 1793 (detail)

A map of Mackenzie’s track from Fort Chipewan to the Pacific Ocean in 1793 (detail) Internet Archive

In 1793 Alexander Mackenzie [1764–1820] lead the first expedition of European descendants to cross the American continent north of Mexico.

He crossed the Continental Divide through a pass that remains unnamed, although a park has been created in its surroundings. The only name honouring Mackenzie in the area is Mount Sir Alexander, a mountain he never saw.

On the map of Mackenzie’s route across the Divide, the only original name that survives is Bad River, which appears next to his note, “Canoe Wreck’d.”

“Bad River” was superseded with the name “James Creek” by the Geographic Board of Canada in 1924; however, in 1976 to accommodate local usage, which dates to the earliest days of exploration in the northern Rocky Mountains, the name “Bad River (James Creek)” was established.

References:

  • Mackenzie, Alexander [1764–1820]. Voyages from Montreal on the River St. Lawrence through the Continent of North America to the Frozen and Pacific Oceans in the Years 1789 and 1793 with a Preliminary Account of the Rise, Progress, and Present State of the Fur Trade of That Country. London: T. Cadell, Jun., and W. Davies, 1803. Internet Archive
  • Mackenzie, Alexander [1764–1820]. A map of America, between latitudes 40 and 70 North, and longitudes 45 and 180 West, exhibiting Mackenzie’s Track from Montreal to Fort Chipewyan and from thence to the North Sea in 1789 & to the West Pacific Ocean in 1793. London: T. Cadell, Jun., and W. Davies, 1803, facing page 1. Internet Archive