Category Archives: Place

Swift (railway point)

Alberta. Railway point and former settlement
Near current site of Jasper
52.8992 N 118.0666 W GoogleGeoHack
Not currently an official name.
21 miles east of the Yellowhead Pass on the Canadian National Railway
This railway point and former settlement appears on:
Talbot’s GTP map 1910
Lewis Swift. Photo by Mary T. S. Schäffer Warren, 1908

Lewis Swift. Photo by Mary T. S. Schäffer Warren, 1908
Whyte Museum of the Canadian Rockies

Lewis John Swift [1854–1949] appears to have been first white man to settle in what is now Jasper National Park.

Two miles and a quarter below Maligne River, on the west side of the Athabasca, a piece of land has been taken up by Mr. Swift, who has demonstrated that the country is capable of producing wheat, potatoes, and various kinds of vegetables. On September 2 he had harvested a crop of two kinds of wheat and his potatoes were of good size and quality. A great part of the Athabasca valley would make good farming land, the higher ground, however, would require irrigation.

— McEvoy 1900

Somewhere in there we passed a place with a board that said, “Athabasca House,” and another was, “Henry House.” All we could see of that was a kind of square where the logs had been rotted or burnt, but one of them showed the remains of an old fireplace made out of clay. Then we travelled about eight or ten miles and came to Swift Creek. There was an old squaw man there name of Swift. He had married an Indian woman and they had four or five children and a ranch — a little farm there.

— McDonald 1907

List of photographs:
#91 – Swimming the Athabaska [1908]
#92 – [(Lewis Swift)? 1908]
#93 – The Swift Family [Mrs. Lewis Swift and four children 1908]
#94 – [Mrs. Lewis Swift and four children in front of their home, 1908]
#95 – [One of the Swift children, 1908]
#96 – [Mrs. Lewis Swift and four children, 1908]
#97 – Swift’s mill for flour [1911] / [Byron Harmon]
#98 – Cows at Swifts’ [1908]
#99 – Looking toward Yellowhead Pass Athabaska River – Miette Valley 1908] (p.302)

— Schäffer 1907

But those nineteen days to the Yellowhead were crowded full of unique experiences as well as hard labor. We purchased provisions at the Big Eddy, Prairie Creek, Moberlies and Swifts.

— Kinney M200 1909

After packing up we went about a mile to Mr. Swift’s tiny ranch and farm. It is customary to stop over a day at Swift’s, as this is the last of civilization. But alas for Swift! his big day is now past; for the coming of the railroad brings a change over all the old ways and good old days of the pack trail.… During the afternoon while stayed in camp and did some cooking, Mr. Kinney went out and picked enough wild strawberries for supper. The next morning, after getting a few supplies from Swift and a couple of pecks of potatoes, we started westward and camped early at Caledonia Creek, the first tributary of the Miette River.

— Kinney and Phillips 1910

Planned another attempt.… Set out from Edmonton on August 1, 1908, with John Yates as packer… engaged Adolphus Moberly at Swifts… our mapping included two beautiful lakes, Adolph, on the Smokey River side, and Berg Lake, on the Grand Forks side.

— Coleman 1910

Chapter 31. Swift and his neighbors. Our supplies were nearly done when we once more touched the Athabasca River, and we went down stream a few miles to Swift’s ranch, of which we had heard much from all travellers to and from Tete Jaune Cache. Swift is a most interesting character, a white man of some energy and resource who married a woman of the country, an Iroquois half-breed, many years ago, and had now a brood of wholesome -looking children playing about his log house. He had fenced and ploughed some fields, from which wheat and oats and barley had just been harvested, and had built a watermill on the stream that irrigated his farm to grind his wheat into flour, somewhat brown in colour, but making good bread ; so that, except for sugar, tea, and tobacco, he was as nearly independent as a man can be.He reached this valley in 1894, the year when we had mistaken the Miette for Whirlpool River, had seen our tracks and wondered at them, just as we had pondered over the big hoof -prints of his horses. It was strange that two parties of white men, one from Morley, the other from Edmonton, then only a fur -trading post, should so nearly have met at the sources of the Athabasca.

— Coleman 1911

Lewis John Swift was born February 20, 1854, in Cleveland, Ohio. He set out for the west as a young man, and worked in many of the early mining camps in the Denver area, spent some time in the Black Hills, and for a spell drove the stage from Bismark to Deadwood. After years in the mountain states, he turned up in the embryo Calgary of 1888 and soon moved to the less-crowded outpost village of Edmonton. There or at Lac Ste. Anne he met many of the natives from the Jasper area and in 1890 travelled west with the Moberlys, until he was once more in the mountains. But he was still on the move and before long passed west through the Yellowhead Pass to emerge in due course at Mission Creek in the Okanagan, where he appears to have spent the next two years. Swift was drawn to the Jasper valley and in 1893, bringing a six-inch grindstone and a supply of trade goods, he returned. For two years he lived in the only building that was left of old Jasper House which had been abandoned about ten years earlier. He studied thevalley for two years before he build a new home in the shadow of the Palisades on a piece of land which he thought would make a good divisional pount whenever the rumored second transcontinental railway would be built. He cultivated a little patch of soil and in due course, by irrigating some of it from the stream which flowed past his door, he grew potatoes, wheat for flour, and oats for his horses. He continued trading in a small way and on one trip to Edmonton brought out some cattle and loaded his pack horses with a few domestic chickens. In 1897, near Edmonton, he married the mixed-blood Suzette Chalifoux. Washburn met Swift. Before the coming of the railroad, all travellers passed his doorway, many in desparate need of the provisions which only he could supply. By 1909, Swift was an institution, and would remain one until his death forty years later.

— MacGregor 1974
References:

  • McEvoy, James [1862–1935]. Report on the geology and natural resources of the country traversed by the Yellowhead Pass route from Edmonton to Tête Jaune Cache comprising portions of Alberta and British Columbia. Ottawa: Geological Survey of Canada, 1900. Natural Resources Canada
  • McDonald, Angus, and McDonald, Ervin. “Crossing Yellowhead Pass, 1907, with father Archie and brother Dan.” (1907)
  • Kinney, George R. B. [1872–1961]. Banff: Whyte Museum Archives. Alpine Club of Canada fonds, V14, M200 (1907)., George Kinney papers and photographs, ca.1907. Whyte Museum
  • Coleman, Arthur Philemon [1852–1939]. “Mount Robson, the Highest Point in the Canadian Rockies.” The Geographical Journal (London), Vol. 36, No. 1 (July 1910). JSTOR
  • Kinney, George R. B. [1872–1961], and Phillips, Donald [1884–1938]. “To the top of Mount Robson.” Canadian Alpine Journal, Vol. 2, No. 2 (1910):21-44. Alpine Club of Canada
  • Coleman, Arthur Philemon [1852–1939]. The Canadian Rockies: New and Old Trails. London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1911. Internet Archive
  • Schäffer Warren, Mary T. S. [1861–1939]. Mary Schaffer fonds M79 / V527 (1907–1911). Whyte Museum
  • Young, T. C. “Lewis James Swift : first white man to settle in Jasper National Park.” Alberta Historical Review, Vol. 2 No. 1 (1954):31-32. Whyte Museum
  • MacGregor, James Grierson. Overland by the Yellowhead. Saskatoon: Western Producer, 1974. Internet Archive

Grand Trunk Pacific map 1919

Map from Grand Trunk Pacific timetable, August 1919. Stovel Co., Winnipeg

Map from Grand Trunk Pacific timetable, August 1919. Stovel Co., Winnipeg
Bohi, Canadian National’s Western Depots, p. 50

Map from Grand Trunk Pacific timetable, August 1919.
Stovel Co., Winnipeg

Oddly, does not include Dunster, but does include Raush Valley and Eddy.

References:

  • Bohi, Charles W. Canadian National’s Western Depots. The Country Stations in Western Canada. Railfare Enterprises, 1977, p. 50
Also see:

Canadian Northern Railway


The Canadian Northern Railway’s (CNoR) owned subsidiary running between the Alberta–British Columbia border and Vancouver was formally called the Canadian Northern Pacific Railway, but there were no cars or locomotives lettered “Canadian Northern Pacific”. As far as the public and most workers were concerned, it was just a part of the CNoR.

The Canadian Northern Pacific was incorporated in 1910. The last spike was driven at Basque, British Columbia, near Ashcroft, in January 1915. This event completed Canada’s third transcontinental railway, which ran from Quebec City to Vancouver.

The line from Edmonton to Vancouver was approved for operation in October 1915. The first westbound passenger train left Edmonton on November 23, 1915. The first eastbound passenger train left Vancouver on November 25, 1915. Initial main line through service was three trains per week in each direction.

Also see:

Canadian National Railway map 1925

Rand McNally railway map [detail], 1925

Rand McNally railway map [detail], 1925

[1020] Excerpted from a Rand McNally map dated March 1925, reproduced in the March 1928 issue of the Official Railway Equipment Register.
References:

  • Bohi, Charles W., and Kozma, Leslie S. Canadian National’s Western Stations. Don Mills, Ontario: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 2002

Snaring (railway point)

Alberta. Railway point and locality
Between Interlaken and Henry House (CNoR) on Canadian National Railway
53.075 N 118.0783 W — Map 083E01 — GoogleGeoHack
Name officially adopted in 1956
Topo map from Canadian Geographical Names
33 miles east of the Yellowhead Pass on the Canadian National Railway
Canadian Northern Railway station built in 1915
References:

  • Bohi, Charles W., and Kozma, Leslie S. Canadian National’s Western Stations. Don Mills, Ontario: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 2002
Also see:

Jasper House

Alberta. Former fur trade post and railway point
34 km NE of Jasper on Canadian National Railway
53.1383 N 117.9806 W — Map 083F04 — GoogleGeoHack
Not currently an official name.
40 miles east of the Yellowhead Pass on the Canadian National Railway
Jasper House East Side Rocky Mountains Paul Kane. Field sketch, November 7, 1847

Jasper House East Side Rocky Mountains
Paul Kane. Field sketch, November 7, 1847 Wikipedia


‘Jasper House.’ Outlying trading huts of the Hudson Bay Company, near foot of the Leatherhead Pass, Rocky’s. Graves of Company’s Servants, murdered by Indian [1872]

‘Jasper House.’ Outlying trading huts of the Hudson Bay Company, near foot of the Leatherhead Pass, Rocky’s. Graves of Company’s Servants, murdered by Indian [1872] [1]


Jasper House and Roche Miette, Sandford Fleming expedition. Photo: Charles Horetzky, 1872

Jasper House and Roche Miette, Sandford Fleming expedition. Photo: Charles Horetzky, 1872 [2]


Jasper House. A “bush inn,” or stopping-place, where meals are served at two shillings per time. R. C. W. Lett photo, ca. 1911

Jasper House. A “bush inn,” or stopping-place, where meals are served at two shillings per time. R. C. W. Lett photo, ca. 1911 Talbot, Making Good in Canada, p. 103 [accessed 15 February 2025][3]

Hudson’s Bay Company [founded 1670] governor George Simpson [1792–1860] voyaged through the area in 1824:

The situation of Jaspers House is beautifully Wild and romantic, on the borders of the Athabasca River which here spreads itself out into a small Lake surrounded by Lofty Mountains. This is a temporary summer post for the convenience of the Columbians in crossing; the Winter Establishment of last Year on the borders of the Smoky River about 80 to 100 miles Northward, but it was this Season determined that it should be removed to Moose or Cranberry Lake situated more in the heart of the Mountain near the height of Land and where we suppose Frazers River takes its source; the object of this is to draw the Freemen further into the Mountain than they have been in the habit of gound, where they are expected to make good hunts as it has been rarely Wrought and thereby the lower parts of Smoky river and the Country they used to occupy towards Lesser Slave Lake will be allowed to recruit, we have it likewise in view to draw the Shewhoppes or natives of the North Branch of Thompsons river to the mountain from the Establishmnent of Kamloops or Thompsons River which they have hitherto frequented as that post on account of the heavy Establishment of people required for the purpose of defence yields little or no profit. [4]

References:

  • 1. Rylatt, Robert M. [fl. mid-1800s]. Surveying the Canadian Pacific: Memoir of a Railroad Pioneer. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1991
  • 2. Kane, Paul [1810–1871]. Wanderings of an artist among the Indians of North America. From Canada to Vancouver’s Island and Oregon through the Hudson’s Bay Company’s territory and back again. London: Longman, Brown, 1859. Internet Archive
  • 3. Talbot, Frederick Arthur Ambrose [1880–1924]. Making Good in Canada. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1912, p. 142. Internet Archive [accessed 15 February 2025]
  • 4. Simpson, George [1792–1860], and Merk, Frederick [1887–1977], editor. Fur trade and empire. George Simpson’s journal entitled Remarks connected with fur trade in consequence of a voyage from York Factory to Fort George and back to York Factory 1824-25. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1931, p. 30. University of British Columbia Library

Interlaken

Alberta. Former railway point
E of Jasper on Canadian National Railway
53°5’52” N 117°59’39” W — Map 083F04 — GoogleGeoHack
Earliest known reference to this name is 1912 (GTP map)
Not currently an official name.
20 miles east of the Yellowhead Pass on the Canadian National Railway
Grand Trunk Pacific Railway station built in 1913. Abandoned on site in 1921; turned over to Parks Department in 1923, for use as base for Park fire rangers.
This station appears on:

Interlaken was between Jasper House and Henry House on the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. Possibly situated between Jasper Lake and Talbot Lake.

Bohi records it as being in Edson Division, Pocahontas Branch, of the
Canadian National Railway, originally a Type E Depot (Plan100-152) built by the GTP in 1913. Abandoned on site in 1921; turned over to Parks Department in 1923, for use as base for Park fire rangers.

(Interlaken is a resort town located between two lakes in the mountainous Bernese Oberland region of central Switzerland, the home town of guides Edouard Feuz, Jr., and Gottfried Feuz, who worked in Canada.)

References:

  • Bridgland, Morrison P. [1878–1948]. “Report of the Chief Mountaineer [Yoho camp].” Canadian Alpine Journal, Vol. 1 (1907):131. Alpine Club of Canada
  • Bohi, Charles W., and Kozma, Leslie S. Canadian National’s Western Stations. Don Mills, Ontario: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 2002